During World War I, Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) and Persia (modern-day Iran) were crucial areas of conflict, primarily due to the strategic importance of oil resources and British interests in the region. The British launched the Mesopotamian Campaign to secure oil fields and protect British interests, facing Ottoman forces. Persia, though neutral, was occupied by various powers, including the British and Russians, and experienced significant hardship due to Allied control of its resources and the demands of the war in Mesopotamia.
